Serbia is entering a significant phase in its energy strategy, with plans for the potential establishment of a nuclear power plant by 2040. This development follows recent agreements with international nuclear corporations and a strategic shift in national policy that has lifted a long-standing ban on the construction of nuclear facilities, positioning nuclear energy as a key option for future electricity supply.
Minister of Mining and Energy Dubravka Đedović Handanović stated that while immediate construction of a nuclear station is not planned, preparatory activities will take place over the next fifteen years. This period will focus on technological advancements, particularly in small modular reactors (SMRs), which are anticipated to evolve significantly. The aim is to complete preparatory tasks by 2032, including the selection of technology, identification of suitable sites, establishment of a regulatory framework, and development of a skilled workforce, paving the way for operational capabilities in the 2040s.
Experts indicate that Serbia is currently at an initial stage of planning for nuclear facilities, with various potential partners and technologies being considered. The Russian state nuclear corporation Rosatom has been in discussions with Serbian officials due to its extensive global experience in building nuclear plants. However, other international entities such as French state utility EDF and organizations from the United States and South Korea are also under evaluation. Decisions regarding partnerships will be determined based on national interests, technical qualifications, and cost-effectiveness.
Dr. Slavko Dimović, Director of Serbia’s Vinča Nuclear Institute, highlighted that gaining public acceptance is crucial for the planning process of any nuclear power station. Engaging in transparent dialogue with citizens will be essential to address concerns related to safety, environmental impacts, and the management of long-term radioactive waste prior to any construction efforts.
In terms of potential locations for future nuclear facilities, Dimović noted that it is premature to pinpoint specific sites. However, these facilities will need access to substantial water resources for reactor cooling and are likely to be situated near existing industrial or energy infrastructures. Preliminary considerations include disused thermal power plant locations or major river corridors, although final decisions will adhere to established regulatory requirements and methodologies.
The movement towards nuclear energy reflects Serbia’s broader strategy to diversify its energy portfolio, diminish dependence on coal and gas, and ensure stable baseload capacity necessary for economic growth and achieving decarbonization goals. Some planners suggest that nuclear energy could eventually contribute significantly to Serbia’s electricity generation, potentially accounting for up to half of domestic power production in a balanced future energy landscape.
